Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deficits in tail-lift and air-righting reflexes in rats after ototoxicity associate with loss of vestibular type I hair cells

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.24.712950

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) on vestibular reflexes in adult female Long-Evans rats. Animals received one i.p. injection per day of IDPN (0 [Control] to 300 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. A, C . Tail-lift reflex: minimum nose-neck-base of the tail angles displayed by the rats when lifted by the tail and lowered back. B, D . Time course of the air-righting reflex: righting times displayed by the rats when dropped in supine position from approximately 40 cm above a foam cushion. A, B . Time course; data are mean + SE values. *: p<0.05, significantly different from control group, Duncan’s test after significant ANOVA and repeated-measures MANOVA analyses. C, D . Final effect; each data point is the average of angle (C) or time(D) values at days 21 and 25 after exposure of an individual animal. Lines are mean ± SE values per dosing group. **: p<0.01, ****: p<0.0001, significantly different from control group, Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test after significant ANOVA.

Article Snippet: A total of 38 young adult female Long-Evans rats (175-199 g) were purchased from Janvier Labs (Le-Genest-Saint-Isle, France) and housed for six days of acclimatization before the experiment began.

Techniques: Injection, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deficits in tail-lift and air-righting reflexes in rats after ototoxicity associate with loss of vestibular type I hair cells

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.24.712950

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) on the vestibular sensory epithelium in adult female Long-Evans rats. Animals received one i.p. injection per day of IDPN (0 [Control] to 300 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. A . Example images of the effect of IDPN on the density of hair cells (HCs) in the sensory epithelium. Examples are from the striola region (upper row) and the lateral periphery (lower row) of the utricle. Overlay images are shown with MYO7A (magenta), osteopontin/SPP1 (red), and calretinin (green) labels. B . Schematic drawing of the two types of HC (HCI and HCII), the three organs (crista, utricle and saccule), and the regions sampled in the organs (center and periphery in the crista; striola, lateral periphery and medial periphery in utricle and saccule). The blue squares show the approximate region where the images were obtained for counting. C-D . Number of total HCs (HCI+HCII) obtained counting the number of MYO7A+ profiles per image in each organ and region. Points and lines display individual and mean ± SE values per dosing group, respectively. F and p values are from one-way ANOVA analyses. ns: non-significant, *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001, ****: p<0.0001, compared to control group, Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test after significant ANOVA.

Article Snippet: A total of 38 young adult female Long-Evans rats (175-199 g) were purchased from Janvier Labs (Le-Genest-Saint-Isle, France) and housed for six days of acclimatization before the experiment began.

Techniques: Injection, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deficits in tail-lift and air-righting reflexes in rats after ototoxicity associate with loss of vestibular type I hair cells

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.24.712950

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative examples of the dose-response effect of 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) on the counts of HCI and HCII in the vestibular organs of adult female Long-Evans rats. Animals received one i.p. injection per day of IDPN (0 [Control] to 300 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. A-D . Utricle data allowing to compare the dose-response relationships between HCI ( A, B ) and HCII ( C, D ) in the lateral periphery ( A, C ) and the striola ( B, D ) regions. E-H. Comparison of HCI ( E, F ) and HCII ( G, H ) dose-response data between an area highly sensitive to ototoxic damage (crista center: E, G ) and an area of low sensitivity (saccule medial periphery: F, H ). HCI and HCII counts correspond to HC expressing osteopontin or calretinin label, respectively. Points and lines display individual and mean ± SE values per dosing group, respectively. F and p values are from one-way ANOVA analyses. ns: non-significant, *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001, ****: p<0.0001, compared to control group, Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test after significant ANOVA.

Article Snippet: A total of 38 young adult female Long-Evans rats (175-199 g) were purchased from Janvier Labs (Le-Genest-Saint-Isle, France) and housed for six days of acclimatization before the experiment began.

Techniques: Injection, Control, Comparison, Expressing

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deficits in tail-lift and air-righting reflexes in rats after ototoxicity associate with loss of vestibular type I hair cells

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.24.712950

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative examples of the relationship between HC loss and vestibular reflex alteration after exposure to 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) in adult female Long-Evans rats. Animals received one i.p. injection per day of IDPN (0 [Control] to 300 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. Tail-lift angles ( A-C ) and air-righting times ( D-F ) are shown paired to HCI in the crista center ( A, D ), HCII in the utricle striola ( B, E ), and HCII in saccule medial periphery ( C, F ). Points display data for individual animals. The legend in panel D indicating dose groups for the data point symbols applies to all panels.

Article Snippet: A total of 38 young adult female Long-Evans rats (175-199 g) were purchased from Janvier Labs (Le-Genest-Saint-Isle, France) and housed for six days of acclimatization before the experiment began.

Techniques: Injection, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deficits in tail-lift and air-righting reflexes in rats after ototoxicity associate with loss of vestibular type I hair cells

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.24.712950

Figure Lengend Snippet: Normalized tail-lift angle as a function of the normalized number of HCs. Each data point is from one individual adult female Long-Evans rats exposed to 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), one i.p. injection per day at 0 [Control] to 300 mg/kg/day for 3 days as shown in the figure legend. Data in A show the average in central/striola and peripheral regions of the number of HCI ( a, b, c ) and HCII ( d, e, f ) in the crista ( a, d ), utricle ( b, e ), and saccule ( c, f ). In B , central/striola and peripheral data are presented separately for the crista ( a, b ) and the utricle ( c, d, e ). Lines represent the sigmoid fits using orthogonal distance regression. Shaded areas indicate regions of the fitting curve in which the slope is greater than 10± and lower than 80±.

Article Snippet: A total of 38 young adult female Long-Evans rats (175-199 g) were purchased from Janvier Labs (Le-Genest-Saint-Isle, France) and housed for six days of acclimatization before the experiment began.

Techniques: Injection, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deficits in tail-lift and air-righting reflexes in rats after ototoxicity associate with loss of vestibular type I hair cells

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.24.712950

Figure Lengend Snippet: Normalized air-righting time as a function of the normalized number of HCs. Each data point is from one individual adult female Long-Evans rats exposed to 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), one i.p. injection per day at 0 [Control] to 300 mg/kg/day for 3 days as shown in the legend in . Data in A show the average in central/striola and peripheral regions of the number of HCI ( a, b, c ) and HCII ( d, e, f ) in the crista ( a, d ), utricle ( b, e ), and saccule ( c, f ). In B , central/striola and peripheral data are presented separately for the utricle ( a, b, c ) and the saccule ( d, e, f ). Lines represent the sigmoid fits using orthogonal distance regression. Shaded areas indicate regions of the fitting curve in which the slope is greater than 10± and lower than 80±.

Article Snippet: A total of 38 young adult female Long-Evans rats (175-199 g) were purchased from Janvier Labs (Le-Genest-Saint-Isle, France) and housed for six days of acclimatization before the experiment began.

Techniques: Injection, Control